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AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Features
- Output voltage: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and adjustable output version - Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.23V to 37V+4% - 150Khz +15% fixed switching frequency - Voltage mode non-synchronous PWM control - Thermal-shutdown and current-limit protection - ON/OFF shutdown control input - Operating voltage can be up to 40V - Output load current: 3A - TO220-5L TO220-5L(R) and TO263-5L packages - Low power standby mode - Built-in switching transistor on chip
General Description
The AP1501 series are monolithic IC that design for a step-down DC/DC converter, and own the ability of driving a 3A load without additional transistor component. Due to reducing the number of external component, the board space can be saved easily. The external shutdown function can be controlled by logic level and then come into standby mode. The internal compensation makes feedback control have good line and load regulation without external design. Regarding protected function, thermal shutdown is to prevent over temperature operating from damage, and current limit is against over current operating of the output switch. The AP1501 series operates at a switching frequency of 150Khz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators. Other features include a guaranteed +4% tolerance on output voltage under specified input voltage and output load conditions, and +15% on the oscillator frequency. The output version included fixed 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and an adjustable type. The packages are available in a standard 5-lead TO-220 package and a 5-lead TO-263.
Applications
- Simple High-efficiency step-down regulator - On-card switching regulators - Positive to negative converter
Pin Assignments
( Top View ) 5 SD 4 FB 3 Gnd 2 Output 1 VIN
Pin Descriptions
Name VIN Output Gnd FB SD Description Operating voltage input Switching output Ground Output voltage feedback control ON/OFF Shutdown
Metal Tab GND
TO263-5L ( Top View ) 5 SD 4 FB 3 Gnd 2 Output 1 VIN TO220-5L
This datasheet contains new product information. Anachip Corp. reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. No liability is assumed as a result of the use of this product. No rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product.
Rev. A7 Feb. 10, 2004 1/11
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Ordering Information
AP1501 XX X X X Output version Blank : Adjustable -33 : 3.3V -50 : 5.0V -12 : 12V Package Lead Free Packing Blank : Tube A : Taping
Blank : Normal T5: TO220-5L T5R: TO220-5L(R) L : Lead Free Package K5: TO263-5L
Block Diagram
SD
VIN
200mV Current Source bias 1.235V Reference 2.5V Regulator Start up 220mV
+ Comp _
Comp +
FB
Comp +
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 2/11
_
+ Amp _
Frequecy compensation
Pre-driver
150kHz OSC.
Thermal Limit
_
3A Switch
Output Gnd
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol VCC VSD VFB VOUT PD TST TOP VOP Parameter Supply Voltage ON/OFF Pin input voltage Feedback Pin voltage Output voltage to Ground Power dissipation Storage temperature Operating temperature Operating voltage Rating +45 -0.3 to +25 -0.3 to +25 -1 Internally limited -65 to +150 -40 to +125 +4.5 to +40 Unit V V V V W
o o
C C
V
Electrical Characteristics (All Output Voltage Versions)
Unless otherwise specified, VIN=12V for 3.3V, 5V, adjustable version and VIN=24V for the 12V version. ILOAD = 0.5A
Symbol IB FOSC VSAT DC ICL IL IQ ISTBY VIL VIH IH IL JC JA
Parameter Feedback bias current oscillator frequency saturation voltage Max. Duty Cycle(ON) Min. Duty cycle(OFF) current limit Output leakage Output = -1 current Output = 0 Quiescent Current Standby Quiescent Current ON/OFF pin logic input threshold voltage
Conditions VFB=1.3V (Adjustable version only)
Min.
Typ. 40
Max. 60 100 173 173 1.4 1.5
Unit nA Khz V %
127 110 IOUT=3A no outside circuit VFB=0V force driver on VFB=0V force driver on VFB=12V force driver off peak current no outside circuit VFB=0V force driver on no outside circuit VFB=12V force driver off VIN=40V VFB=12V force driver off ON/OFF pin=5V VIN=40V Low (regulator ON) High (regulator OFF) 2.0
150
1.3 100 0 3.6 4.0
5.5 6.5 200
A uA mA mA uA
2 5 150
60 10 250 300 0.6
1.3 15 0.02 2.5 3.5 28 23
25 5
o
V
ON/OFF pin logic VLOGIC=2.5V (OFF) input current ON/OFF pin input current VLOGIC=0.5V (ON) Thermal Resistance Thermal Resistance With copper area of approximately 3 in2 TO220-5L TO263-5L TO220-5L TO263-5L Junction to case Junction to ambient
uA C/W C/W
o
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 3/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Symbol VFB Parameter Output Feedback Efficiency Output voltage Efficiency Output voltage Efficiency Output voltage Efficiency Conditions 4.5V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A VOUT programmed for 3V VIN = 12V, ILOAD=3A 4.75V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A VIN = 12V, ILOAD=3A 7V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A VIN = 12V, ILOAD=3A 15V < VIN < 40V 0.2A < ILOAD < 3A VIN = 15V, ILOAD = 3A Typ. 1.23 73 3.3 73 5 80 12 90 11.52/11.4 12.48/12.6 4.8/4.75 5.2/5.25 3.168/3.135 3.432/3.465 Limit 1.193/1.18 1.267/1.28 Unit V VMIN VMAX % V VMIN VMAX % V VMIN VMAX % V VMIN VMAX %
AP1501-ADJ
VOUT
AP1501-3.3V
VOUT VOUT
AP1501-5V
AP1501-12V
Specifications with boldface type are for full operating temperature range, the other type are for TJ=25C.
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 4/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics
Typical Performance Characteristics Normalized Output Voltage
5.10
VIN =20V, I LOAD=3A Normalized at TJ=25oC
Efficiency
100 95
EFFICIENCY (%)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
5.05
90 85 80 75 70
3A Load
5.00
5V 3.3V
4.95
4.90 -50 -25 0 25 50 75
o
100
125
65 8 10 15 20 25
30
o
35
40
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE( C)
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE( C)
Switch Saturation Voltage
1.60
SATURATION VOLTAGE (V)
Switch Current Limit
5.50
SWITCH CURRENT LIMIT (A)
1.40 1.20 1.00
1 : -40 oC 2 : 25 oC 3 : 125 oC
VIN=12V, VOUT=5V
5.00
4.50
1 0.80 0.60 3 0.5 1 2 3 2
4.00
3.50 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
SWITCH CURRENT(A) JUNCTION TEMPERATURE(oC)
Operating Quiescent Current
25.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
Shutdown Quiescent Current
200.0 160.0
CURRENT (uA)
20.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75
o
Switch ON Switch OFF
120.0 80.0 40.0
1 2 3
VON/OFF=5V 1 : -40 oC 2 : 25 oC 3 : 125 oC
20 30 40
100
125
0.0
10
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE( C)
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 5/11
SUPPLY VOLOTAGE (V)
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
Minimum Operating Supply Voltage
5.0
THRESHOLD VOLTAGE (V)
ON/OFF Threshold Voltage
5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
VOUT=1.23V ILOAD=120mA
-50 -25
0
25
50
75 100 125
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC)
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC)
ON/OFF Pin Current (Sinking)
150.0
FREQUENCY (kHz)
Switch Frequency
200.0
120.0
CURRENT (uA)
VIN=40V -40oC TJ 125oC
150.0
90.0 60.0 30.0 0.0 1.4 5 10 15 20 22 23 24 25
ON/OFF PIN VOLTAGE (V)
100.0
50.0
0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (oC)
Feedback Pin Bias Current
50.0
BIAS CURRENT (nA)
40.0 30.0 20.0
Adjustable Version Only
10.0 0.0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE( oC)
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 6/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter
Typical Application Circuit
FB
12V
DC Input Vin 1 5
4
AP1501 -33
3 SD
2
Output
L1
Inductor
3.3V/3A
Output Load
Cin
Capacitor
Gnd
D1
Schottky Diode
Co
Capacitor
Function Description
Pin Functions +VIN This is the positive input supply for the IC switching regulator. A suitable input bypass capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply the switching currents needed by the regulator. Ground Circuit ground. Output Internal switch. The voltage at this pin switches between (+VIN - VSAT) and approximately - 0.5V, with a duty cycle of approximately VOUT / VIN. To minimize coupling to sensitive circuitry, the PC board copper area connected to this pin should be kept a minimum. Feedback Senses the regulated output voltage to complete the feedback loop. ON /OFF Allows the switching regulator circuit to be shutdown using logic level signals thus dropping the total input supply current to approximately 150uA. Pulling this pin below a threshold voltage of approximately 1.3V turns the regulator on, and pulling this pin above 1.3V (up to a maximum of 25V) shuts the regulator down. If this shutdown feature is not needed, the ON /OFF pin can be wired to the ground pin or it can be left open, in either case the regulator will be in the ON condition. Thermal Considerations The AP1501 is available in two packages, a 5-pin TO-220 and a 5-pin surface mount TO-263. The TO-220 package needs a heat sink under most conditions. The size of the heatsink depends on the input voltage, the output voltage, the load current and the ambient temperature. The AP1501 junction temperature rises above ambient temperature for a 3A load and different input and output voltages. The data for these curves was taken with the AP1501 (TO-220 package) operating as a buck switching regulator in an ambient temperature of 25oC (still air). These temperature rise numbers are all approximate and there are many factors that can affect these temperatures. Higher ambient temperatures require more heat sinking. The TO-263 surface mount package tab is designed to be soldered to the copper on a printed circuit board. The copper and the board are the heat sink for this package and the other heat producing components, such as the catch diode and inductor. The PC board copper area that the package is soldered to should be at least 0.4 in2, and ideally should have 2 or more square inches of 2 oz. Additional copper area improves the thermal characteristics, but with copper areas greater than approximately 6 in2, only small improvements in heat dissipation are realized. If further thermal improvements are needed, double sided, multilayer PC board with large copper areas and/or airflow are recommended.
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 7/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter
Function Description (Continued)
The AP1501 (TO-263 package) junction temperature rise above ambient temperature with a 2A load for various input and output voltages. This data was taken with the circuit operating as a buck switching regulator with all components mounted on a PC board to simulate the junction temperature under actual operating conditions. This curve can be used for a quick check for the approximate junction temperature for various conditions, but be aware that there are many factors that can affect the junction temperature. When load currents higher than 2A are used, double sided or multilayer PC boards with large copper areas and/or airflow might be needed, especially for high ambient temperatures and high output voltages. For the best thermal performance, wide copper traces and generous amounts of printed circuit board copper should be used in the board layout. (Once exception to this is the output (switch) pin, which should not have large areas of copper.) Large areas of copper provide the best transfer of heat (lower thermal resistance) to the surrounding air, and moving air lowers the thermal resistance even further. Package thermal resistance and junction temperature rise numbers are all approximate, and there are many factors that will affect these numbers. Some of these factors include board size, shape, thickness, position, location, and even board temperature. Other factors are, trace width, total printed circuit copper area, copper thickness, single or double-sided, multilayer board and the amount of solder on the board. The effectiveness of the PC board to dissipate heat also depends on the size, quantity and spacing of other components on the board, as well as whether the surrounding air is still or moving. Furthermore, some of these components such as the catch diode will add heat to the PC board and the heat can vary as the input voltage changes. For the inductor, depending on the physical size, type of core material and the DC resistance, it could either act as a heat sink taking heat away from the board, or it could add heat to the board.
Marking Information
(1) TO263-5L
( Top view )
Output Type: 1501: ADJ 1501-33: 3.3V 1501-50: 5.0V 1501-12: 12V
(2) TO220-5L
( Top view )
Output Type: 1501: ADJ 1501-33: 3.3V 1501-50: 5.0V 1501-12: 12V
AC 1501-XX YY WW X X
Logo Blank: normal L: Lead Free Package ID code Xth week: 01~52 Year: "01" = 2001 "02" = 2002
AC 1501-XX YY WW X X
Logo Blank: normal L: Lead Free Package ID code Xth week: 01~52 Year: "01" = 2001 "02" = 2002
~
~
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 8/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Package Information
(1) Package Type: TO220-5L
E
P
H1 Q
A
F
L
D
e e1
b
C J1
Symbol A b C D E e e1 F H1 J1 L Op Q
Dimensions In Millimeters Min. Nom. Max. 4.07 4.45 4.82 0.76 0.89 1.02 0.36 0.50 0.64 14.22 14.86 15.50 9.78 10.16 10.54 1.57 1.71 1.85 6.68 6.81 6.93 1.14 1.27 1.40 5.46 6.16 6.86 2.29 2.74 3.18 13.21 13.97 14.73 3.68 3.81 3.94 2.54 2.73 2.92
Dimensions In Inches Min. Nom. Max. 0.160 0.030 0.014 0.560 0.385 0.062 0.263 0.045 0.215 0.090 0.520 0.145 0.100 0.175 0.035 0.020 0.585 0.400 0.067 0.268 0.050 0.243 0.108 0.550 0.150 0.107 0.190 0.040 0.025 0.610 0.415 0.073 0.273 0.055 0.270 0.125 0.580 0.155 0.115
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 9/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Package Information (Continued)
(2) Package Type: TO263-5L
E F
L2
A
C2
D L
e
B
C
L1
Symbol A B C C2 D E e F L L1 L2
Dimensions In Millimeters Min. Nom. Max. 4.07 4.46 4.85 0.66 0.84 1.02 0.36 0.50 0.64 1.14 1.27 1.40 8.65 9.15 9.65 9.78 10.16 10.54 1.57 1.71 1.85 6.60 6.86 7.11 14.61 15.24 15.88 2.29 2.54 2.79 2.92
Dimensions In Inches Min. Nom. Max. 0.160 0.176 0.191 0.026 0.033 0.040 0.014 0.020 0.025 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.341 0.360 0.380 0.385 0.400 0.415 0.062 0.068 0.073 0.260 0.270 0.280 0.575 0.600 0.625 0.090 0.100 0.110 0.115
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 10/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004
AP1501
150Khz, 3A PWM Buck DC/DC Converter Package Information (Continued)
(3) Package Type: TO220-5L(R) Mechanical drawing
E Q A F
H1
D d1 H2 H3
d2
J1 b e J2 J3
J3 J2 J1 E A
Symbol A b D d1 d2 E e F H1 H2 H3 J1 J2 J3 Q
Dimensions In Millimeters Min. Nom. Max. 4.4 4.6 4.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 8.4 8.7 8.9 1.0 6.3 9.91 10.16 10.41 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.2 1.25 1.3 6.4 20.8 21.6 22.4 23.9 24.7 25.5 2.7 3.7 4.5 5.3 8.4 2.5 2.8 3.0
Dimensions In Inches Min. Nom. Max. 0.175 0.180 0.185 0.027 0.032 0.037 0.330 0.340 0.350 0.039 0.248 0.390 0.400 0.410 0.062 0.067 0.072 0.048 0.050 0.052 0.250 0.820 0.850 0.880 0.942 0.972 1.002 0.105 0.147 0.177 0.207 0.331 0.100 0.110 0.120
Anachip Corp. www.anachip.com.tw 11/11
Rev.A7 Feb. 10, 2004

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